Architecture Modernization
Anonymous Case Study

AI-Powered Development Platform Migration to LangChain

Modernizing a legacy TypeScript-based agentic system to a modern Python LangChain v1 architecture, achieving 5-10x throughput improvements and 50-70% reduction in token costs.

Industry: Developer Tools / AI SaaS

Duration: 3 months

2025

LangChain v1LangGraphLangSmithPythonClaude Sonnet 4.5Gemini 3 FlashPostgreSQLModal

Key Results

Throughput Improvement

5-10x

Request handling capacity

Cache Hit Rate

90%+

Up from ~10%

Token Cost Reduction

50-70%

Via systematic caching

Warm Request Latency

<100ms

Down from 1-2s

Concurrent User Handling

25x

Improvement

Deployment Time

<2min

Down from 5-10min

Executive Summary

A fast-growing AI development platform sought to modernize their agentic AI architecture to improve performance, reduce costs, and enable multi-model support. Our consultancy led the migration from a legacy TypeScript-based system to a modern Python LangChain v1 architecture, achieving 5-10x throughput improvements, 90%+ cache hit rates, and 50-70% reduction in token costs.

Client Challenge

The client operated an AI-powered coding assistant serving thousands of developers. Their platform enables users to build applications through natural language instructions.

ChallengeBusiness Impact
Single Model Lock-inCouldn't leverage cost-effective models for routine tasks
Poor Cache UtilizationToken costs growing linearly with user growth
Build ComplexityTypeScript compilation adding deployment friction
Limited ConcurrencySerial request handling creating bottlenecks
Tight CouplingSandbox provider changes required extensive refactoring

Architecture Transformation

Before: Legacy TypeScript

TypeScript Runtime

LangGraph v0.4.9

DeepAgent Framework

PostgreSQL Checkpointer

Single Model (Claude Sonnet)

No runtime flexibility

Tightly Coupled Sandbox

Hard to change providers

No caching

Build complexity

Serial requests

Model lock-in

After: Python LangChain v1

Python Runtime

create_agent API (LangChain v1)

Composable Middleware Stack

Pre
Model
Post

Claude Sonnet 4.5

Gemini 3 Flash

GPT-4.1 mini

Modal

Docker

E2B

90%+ cache rate

Runtime switching

Parallel requests

Provider agnostic

Middleware-First Architecture

We designed a composable middleware stack that intercepts requests before and after model execution:

Pre-Processing

Input Processing

Token Optimization

Model Routing

Cache Integration

+ additional layers

Model Execution

LLM Call

Post-Processing

Response Parsing

State Management

Persistence Layer

+ validation

Per-Run State Isolation

A critical insight: preventing cross-contamination between user messages in long conversations:

Conversation

Shared context

Per-Run Isolation

Run 1

files

commands

calls

Run 2

files

commands

calls

Run 3

files

commands

calls

No Cross-talk

Clean isolation

Three-Tier Caching Strategy

Systematic caching with fixed breakpoints for predictable behavior:

1

System Prompt

~15K tokens

100%

2

Tool Definitions

~5K tokens

100%

3

First 2 Messages

~2K tokens

100%

Key: Middleware appends without cache_control, preserving static cache while enabling dynamic content

Provider Abstraction Layer

Tools decoupled from infrastructure providers through a clean interface:

Provider-Agnostic Tools

write_file()

read_file()

execute_cmd()

SandboxProvider Protocol

Clean interface contract

Modal

Current

Docker

Local dev

E2B

Alternative

Performance Improvements

MetricBeforeAfterImprovement
Cache Hit Rate~10%~90%9x
Warm Request Latency1-2s<100ms10-20x faster
Single User Throughput0.5 req/s100+ req/s200x
Concurrent Users2 req/s (10 users)50+ req/s (100 users)25x
Token Costs$X/1K requests$0.3-0.5X/1K requests50-70%
Deployment Time5-10 minutes<2 minutes5x faster

Key Architectural Decisions

Python Over TypeScript

LangChain and LangGraph are Python-native. Access to v1 Alpha features, native async, direct SDK integration.

Middleware Over Custom Nodes

Separation of concerns, testable components, future-proof as LangChain evolves.

Run-Scoped State

Accurate workflow tracking, reliable turn limits, correct state snapshots per interaction.

Fixed Cache Breakpoints

90%+ cache hit rate, 50-70% token cost reduction, consistent performance.

Lessons Learned

What Worked Well

  • Incremental migration minimized risk

  • Middleware pattern enabled independent testing

  • Provider abstraction paid dividends mid-project

  • Per-run isolation solved long conversation bugs

Recommendations

  • Start with state design before features

  • Instrument token usage, cache rates, latency

  • Abstract providers early (even with one)

  • Test middleware components independently

Technology Stack

LayerTechnologyPurpose
FrameworkLangChain v1, LangGraphAgent orchestration
Primary ModelClaude Sonnet 4.5Complex reasoning
Secondary ModelGemini 3 FlashSimple tasks
StatePostgreSQLCheckpointing
SandboxModalCode execution
MonitoringLangSmithTracing

Confidentiality Notice

This case study has been anonymized to protect client confidentiality. Specific metrics and architecture details have been generalized while preserving technical accuracy.

Planning Your Own LangChain Migration?

Let's discuss how we can modernize your AI architecture for better performance and lower costs.

Case Study Prepared by: Frenxt Consultancy

Date: 2025